An Ayurvedic Framework for Understanding and Managing Epidemics like COVID-19 - Revisiting Janapadodhwamsa

Abstract

In traditional Ayurveda, the concept of Janapadodhwamsa, or the "destruction of communities," recognised the persistent, pervasive consequences of epidemics that have existed from the beginning of civilisation. Ayurveda, through the classical concept of Janapadodhwamsa described in the Caraka Saṃhitā (VimānaSthāna),¹ recognizes epidemics as large-scale afflictions caused by the vitiation of air (Vāyu), water (Jala), land (Deśa) and season/time (Kāla). This framework emphasizes population-wide vulnerability, transcending individual constitution (Prakṛuti) or habits. This not only explains the occurrence of epidemics but also provides preventive and promotive strategies relevant to modern times.